CBR animation questions and hazard perception, explained
Hazard perception used to be a separate part of the CBR theory exam with photos. Since 7 April 2025 it is part of one exam of 50 questions, mostly through animation questions: short moving traffic situations seen from the driver's seat. There is one pass mark for everything: 44 right.
What changed in April 2025
| Before 7 April 2025 | Since 7 April 2025 | |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard perception | A separate part, with photos and a short time per photo | Built into the single exam |
| Format | Still images | Mainly animation questions: moving clips |
| Pass mark | A separate score for each part | One pass mark: 44 of 50 |
How an animation question works
You watch a short clip of a traffic situation from the driver's seat, then answer a question: do you brake, ease off the accelerator or carry on, who goes first, or what happens next. The danger often appears late in the clip, or at the edge of the picture.
Situations that come up a lot
- A pedestrian stepping out between parked cars.
- A cyclist signalling or changing position before a junction.
- A car pulling out of a side road or a driveway.
- A child near the road, or a ball rolling into it.
- Traffic ahead braking suddenly.
- Limited view: a bend, a hill or a parked van.
Four common mistakes
- Answering too fast, before the clip has shown the danger.
- Underestimating quiet situations: the CBR deliberately puts danger in scenes that look safe.
- Missing cyclists and pedestrians at the edge of the picture.
- Not anticipating: an arm out, an indicator or a child walking towards the road announces what is about to happen.
How to practise
Practise with moving clips in the exam format, not only with photos. Watch each clip to the end, scan the edges, and look back at every mistake to see which detail you missed. Driving lessons help too: situations you have seen on the road you recognise faster on the screen.
The rest of the exam: CBR theory exam: questions, pass mark and time. The new questions on driver assistance: ADAS on the CBR theory exam.
Frequently asked questions
Is hazard perception still part of the CBR theory exam?
Yes, but not as a separate part. Since 7 April 2025 hazard perception is built into the single exam of 50 questions, mainly through animation questions: short moving traffic situations.
What is an animation question?
A short animated clip of a traffic situation, seen from the driver's seat, followed by a question such as whether you brake, ease off or carry on, or who goes first.
Is there a separate pass mark for hazard perception?
No. There is one pass mark for the whole exam: 44 of the 50 questions right.
How do I practise animation questions?
With moving clips in the exam format, not only with photos. Watch the whole clip before you answer, scan the edges of the picture for cyclists and pedestrians, and review every mistake.
Sources, checked on 3 November 2026:
Written by Nawfal Serraji, traffic law specialist and founder of HaalTheorie.